Kohei Nozaki's general blog

Tuesday January 03, 2017

Hybrid Wars and How They Can Be Won

What is a Hybrid War?

"Hybrid War" is a relatively new term which appeared several years ago. It means a war which involves irregular factors such as cyber attacks, irregular forces, propaganda and so on.

Those factors are observed during the conflict between Ukraine and Russia which started in 2014 - appearances of unknown forces without insignia who came from Russia are observed in Ukraine. Propaganda which observed on TV and the Internet includes social networks.

Hybrid War on the Internet

Let’s see a couple of tweets written by institutions of countries that have a conflict between them. This is a tweet of Ukraine Embassy in Japan which states that "some Russian journalists never have an objective perspective in their work. On the other hand, in the aggression towards Ukraine, they have a biased view at a whole new level which no one has even seen.":

Also this is a tweet of Russia Embassy in Japan which states that "Kiev administration claims that there are no nazis in Ukraine, but if it’s true, which country’s intelligence agency held a new parade with torches in Odessa?":

Two of official institutions of countries blamed each other directly, in their foreign language on the Internet - this is an aspect of a hybrid war.

How they can be won

So how can they be won in that field? Getting attention on social networks takes much effort. If a country hires many professionals who produce more catchy and SNS-friendly information constantly, it will be a big advantage to be a winner. Hiring those professionals requires money, so apparently a richer country is likely to be a winner which spreads their opinion more effectively than an opponent. Unfortunately, whether the information is based on a fact or not doesn’t contribute to effectiveness in that field.

But the question is the following: does a country which spreads catchy, fake or biased information make people happy? I don’t think so because decisions or opinions based on inaccurate information are sometimes very harmful. In Japan at the time of World War 2, there were media which controlled by the government and kept spreading fake information. They led the army to make wrong decision, refuse to surrender for a long time, then eventually they killed many people who did not have to die.

How people can be winners

So the question which needs to be asked is the following: how can people be winners of a hybrid war? In my opinion, good education about media literacy is a key. Modern people should be careful when receiving information - for example, considering these things before sharing would be a good idea: who wrote it, who will benefit from it or whether it is based on a fact or not.

Finally, I’d like to mention another key to winning - it is individual journalism which didn’t have much power in the past. Nowadays, virtually every person can become media on the Internet which influences the world. For a good example, there is a well-organized set of presentation slides that helped me to understand the situation of Ukraine (In my opinion, the cause of the conflict in Ukraine is that non-democratic and violent procedures were used by their government, not ethnical issues that tend to be reported by media, as the slides state).

I believe proper use of modern technologies helps people to win a hybrid war, spread the truth and make the world better.

Thursday July 21, 2016

Website blocking

Basically, I oppose such kind of website blocking because it conflicts with my point of view of a software engineer.

I remember a project for an investment bank in my former job. I worked in a building of my customer which blocked many useful websites of technical stuff such as references, blogs or discussion forums, as well as social media networks while software engineers have to surf tons of websites to solve their problem every day.

Also the customer blocked any installation of additional tools for software development while every software engineer has tools that they prefer. it maximizes their productivity but the customer didn’t allow engineers to use them.

Restricting those things means something like forcing us to be a fish out of water. their intention was to prevent information leakage and computer virus infection. I understand that it’s quite important and they should take care of it, but their countermeasure for it was just an overkill. our productivity suffered from those restrictions pretty much and nobody gained a profit from that.

Also, every employer should understand that overly strict security policies may cause an opposite effect. In such a situation, employees may start finding how to cheat those policies. It reminds me about a silly story of a company which has overly strict security rules of usage of computers for work. Eventually, many of their employees started bringing their own personal computer to their workspace for work!

Physical appearance

Physical appearance is one of the most important factors in expression of personality, whether you like it or not. No matter how good you are as a person, everyone tends to judge other people by physical appearance according to their preferences, especially in the short term.

Forever and ever, physical appearance is a big concern of people of all generations but perhaps teenagers are the most sensitive generation about their physical appearance. I remember my classmates in high school who tried hard to make their appearance better.

As for Japanese teenagers, their single-edged eyelids are a typical source of headache. They try to make their single-edged eyelids double-edged ones so their eyes look attractive. There is a best-selling product for Japanese teenagers called "Eye Putti" which helps make their eyelids double-edged. Their desire for double-edged eyelids is quite strong - some people even have a cosmetic surgery to get them.

Personally, to be judged by physical appearance is a negative factor to me because I’m not so good at physical appearances all the time. But it’s not such a big matter to me because I work as a software engineer - I believe that I will be judged by my skill and knowledge, not my physical appearance.

Saturday June 11, 2016

Is SNS not beneficial at all?

Basically I disagree with the statement "not beneficial at all". it’s beneficial for societies which consist of people who understand its proper use and have good information / media literacy, at least.

I’ll show you a good example of benefit from SNS, one of the most well-used modern technologies - it directs politics a better way.

In early 2016, a blog entry was published and widely spread in entire Japan. the blog criticizes the harsh situation of child rearing in Japan which has a very poor public support for it. there are many mothers who have to quit their job due to the shortage of nursery schools.

The blog is emotional and not well-written, but it evoked a huge amount of people’s sympathy, widely spread via SNS. eventually, the parliament quickly started to discuss how to improve the harsh situation.

Usually, the Japanese parliament don’t pay attention to the younger generation who have small children because the number of them is relatively small and they tend not to go voting, compared to senior generations.

On the other hand, there are some bad examples as well. I see many ignorant people who spread terrible things such as fake information or racial statements via SNS.

Recently I have seen widely spread information without any evidence which states people of a particular race have stolen things from damaged houses in the time of a huge earthquake. many racists spread it with pleasure.

Modern people should learn how to check if information is true or false because sensational fake information tends to be spread widely without verification. that fake information is very hard to correct and sometimes very dangerous.

If there is a society which consists of many ignorant people, SNS is not beneficial for them at all - it would be a straight way to a catastrophe or genocide. modern people should be smart enough as technology evolves, and exploit benefits of the two-edged sword.

Sunday May 08, 2016

Tourist attractions of Tokyo

There are a lot of interesting places to visit in Tokyo. I’m sure you can find the ones that you’ll love regardless of what kind of person you are. I’m a computer geek and seldom visit attractions, but I found some. In this entry I’ll introduce some of them.

Rikugien garden

rikugien

Rikugien is a famous Japanese style garden. You can enjoy a peaceful walk through the woods and the beautiful lakes in the spacious garden. I lived 5 minutes away from Rikugien, so I often went there and walked around to reduce endless job stress in that big city of asphalt.

SAKURA@Rikugien(六義園)

The most beautiful thing in Rikugien garden is cherry blossoms at its best season that is typically from mid March to mid April. While they are nice to see in the daytime during that season, an especially notable thing is that it is worth a visit again at night because the trees are lit up beautifully.

Autumn leaves | Rikugien, Tokyo

There’s another best season to visit Rikugien - it’s late November. At that time the leaves start losing their color gradually, and turning into autumn colors. it’s beautiful as well as cherry blossoms in April.

The entrance fee of the garden is 300 yen at the moment. Check their website for further information.

Disk Union

Tokyo : 10 Mar 2012

Disk Union is a famous record chain store in Japan. If you are a music lover or a vinyl record collector, it is worth a visit. There are some stores that specialize in some specific genre. My most favorite one is a store in Shibuya which features Punk, Hardcore and Metal.

Other recommendations

This is the list of places I think it would be nice to visit especially for an overseas tourist but I’ve never been.

  • Asakusa: You can catch the most symbolic sceneries of Japan here because it’s probably one of the most famous tourist attractions of Tokyo

  • Tokyo Skytree: A recently opened observatory that you can look down at the entire Tokyo

  • Ghibli Museum: If you like Hayao Miyazaki’s movies definitely it’s the place to go

Asakusa View from Tokyo Skytree Ghibli Museum

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